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Asst. Librarian, Waymade College of Education, Vallabh Vidyanagar.

Friday, 23 December 2011

Legal Issues in Mass Digitization: A Preliminary Analysis and Discussion Document


Legal Issues in Mass Digitization: A Preliminary Analysis and Discussion Document

Background:
The Copyright Office has published a Preliminary Analysis and Discussion Document that addresses the issues raised by the intersection between copyright law and the mass digitization of books. The purpose of the Analysis is to facilitate further discussions among the affected parties and the public – discussions that may encompass a number of possible approaches, including voluntary initiatives, legislative options, or both. The Analysis also identifies questions to consider in determining an appropriate policy for the mass digitization of books.

Public discourse on mass digitization is particularly timely. On March 22, 2011, the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York rejected a proposed settlement in the copyright infringement litigation regarding Google's mass book digitization project. The court found that the settlement would have redefined the relationship between copyright law and new technology, and it would have encroached upon Congress's ability to set copyright policy with respect to orphan works. Since then, a group of authors has filed a lawsuit against five university libraries that participated in Google's mass digitization project. These developments have sparked a public debate on the risks and opportunities that mass book digitization may create for authors, publishers, libraries, technology companies, and the general public. The Office's Analysis will serve as a basis for further policy discussions on this issue.

Link | http://www.copyright.gov/docs/massdigitization/USCOMassDigitization_October2011.pdf

Source | http://www.copyright.gov/

Blogging: it's all about influencing the influencers


Blogging: it's all about influencing the influencers


Back in 1999, when blogger.com started (Google acquired it in 2003), blogging was a small aspect of the online space in India. Little was foreseen about how it would become one of the biggest driving forces in customer engagement in the near future. Even now, compared to the overall size of the blogging community, the Indian base is small, but that doesn't mean they have any less influence on their readers.
Bloggers like to express their views on what's happening around them and what affects them the most. No wonder then that social issues such as corruption, launch of gadgets and gizmos, or even ad campaigns such as Pepsi's ‘Youngistaan Ka WOW' were written about by bloggers in great numbers.
Bloggers, being publishers, need to have a good readership, and it also calls for good social networking skills, both online and offline. Bloggers use their networking to publicise the content on various social platforms. This phenomenon has been used by brands to engage with bloggers — to influence the influencers.

SUCCESS STORIES

Dove recently ran one of the biggest blogging contests in India where the total campaign reach was 3.7 million readers, making it one of the most successful campaigns worldwide. The contest was targeted towards women bloggers who had to blog about what real beauty meant to them. It saw participation from over 350 bloggers.
Another success story was that of Samsung India Mobile that did a campaign with technology bloggers in India. The contest had over 220 bloggers participate and share insights into the newly launched Galaxy Tab 750. This was followed up with a blogger meet in Bangalore attended by more than 200 bloggers to experience the product and get to know more about the brand and the company. Twenty winners got to be the official Samsung Mobilers, apart from winning the gadget in question.
Some of the other brands that have been engaging with bloggers include Akshaya Patra, a non-governmental organisation that is into midday meal schemes for children; Hewlett-Packard's Imaging Printing group, Tata DOCOMO, Fiat, Cleartrip and a few more.
These brands have realised that it's all about gaining mindshare with the influencers, and blogger communities are helping bridge the gap between the exclusive and often illusive set of bloggers and the brands.
However, it's important to understand the difference between engaging and simply giving information. Some brands have made the cardinal mistake of considering bloggers journalists, and that's where most companies languish at just trying to get a sustainable relationship with bloggers.

NETWORKING

Bloggers love new information, but that does not mean you treat them as journalists. Bloggers love to network and that's the first thing any engagement model needs to do.
Today, although most recalled brands in India have social media presence on Facebook, they would still be classified as owned media. What brands are now moving towards is earned media, of which blogging forms a major part.
Having brand ambassadors who talk about you, and spread effective word of mouth is most critical because it has highest trust and credibility in the online space.
Source of Information: thehindu.com

3D printing: coming to a library near you



3D printing: coming to a library near you

A few months back, we talked about the challenges faced by libraries in the era of ebooks, digital information and shrinking budgets. An emerging idea, now being pioneered at one New York state library, is to offer 3D printing facilities to enable constituents to develop and innovate new ideas and products.

The Fayetteville Free Library of Fayetteville, NY recently has assumed a new mission in efforts to serve its constituencies with 3D printing facilities. The “FFL Fab Lab” is a space set aside with 3D printing technology, which seeks to encourage innovation and learning of the concept. At the foundation of the FFL’s Fab Lab will be a MakerBot Thing-o-Matic 3D printer, donated to the library. The Fab Lab’s 3D printer uses plastic as its raw material.

As stated on the library’s Fab Lab Website, the goal is to provide what is known as a “hackerspace” to the local public, providing access to equipment that may be too expensive to purchase on an individual basis:

“These spaces, known as Fabrication Labs (fab labs), Hackerspaces, and Tech Shops, share common goals: collaboration and ‘making.’ They exist to give their specific communities the ability to ‘make’ through sharing knowledge and skills. They provide the technology necessary to make almost anything. However, these spaces often provide services to a specific or targeted group and are not easily accessible to ‘outsiders’  - traditional Fab Labs are tied to MIT and are generally found in underserved communities, Hackerspaces have membership fees, and Tech-Shops, on average, cost around $1.5 million to start. Imagine - what if the Fayetteville Free Library had similar tools as MIT at its fingertips (at an affordable cost), with the knowledge necessary to use them?”

As discussed on this website, along with its high customization, 3D printing offers enormous potential to minimize the costs of mass production, and even bring a lot of that production back to the domestic economy. The Fayetteville Fab Lab may also kick-start a new role for public libraries as well — as incubators and resource centers for new businesses and innovations.

Phillip Torrone first pitched this idea in Make Magazine a few months back — proposing a new, entrepreneurial and innovator incubator role for the nation’s 9,000 public libraries:

“If the only public space where 3D printers, laser cutters, and learning electronics happens is in fee/memberships-based spaces (TechShops, hackerspaces), that will leave out a segment of the population, who will never have access. FabLabs often are geared towards under-served communities, so perhaps it will be a combination of FabLabs and hackerspaces. What if we were to convert just 1% or even 10% of the 9,000 public libraries in the USA to TechShops?”

For her part, Lauren Smedley, the genius behind Fayetteville’s Fab Lab, “wants to prove that libraries aren’t just about books,” as quoted by KQED. “They are about free access to information and to technology — and not just to reading books or using computers, but actually building and making things.”

Smedley also would like to add a CNC Router and laser cutter to the Fab Lab’s inventory, and also plans to offer free classes and programs on  3D Printing, 3D design software training, and computer programming.

Source | http://www.smartplanet.com/

Varsity offers free online lessons


Varsity offers free online lessons
 
Learn about consumer behaviour from a teacher at a different college or study elasticity of demand sitting at home or in another part of the world.
Students will now be able to access subject material online thanks to the Mumbai University's newly launched “Open Education Resource“ on Wikieducator. This allows teachers to upload content for free that can then be accessed by students across streams, across colleges and across cities.

The project has been launched on a pilot basis for modules in microeconomics and soft skills, and will be expanded to other subjects. The first set of 20 modules on these two subjects went up on the site last month after the first set of teacher training workshops.

“Economics is one of the most taught subjects at the university, and students also find it difficult,“ said Kavita Laghate, coordinator of the project and an associate professor at Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies.

“The best teachers may not always be available, students from different colleges may not be able to access their notes. This opens up the system.“
Laghate added that soft skills, which includes communication and etiquette, was chosen because “it would benefit everyone“.
The modules have been pitched at the level of first year students, and over time will be expanded to cover the second year and third year syllabi as well.

The topics uploaded so far include: oligopoly, consumer behaviour, cost concepts and dumping The system will also allow for corrections and modifications by users, which would be vetted by senior academics. All the material is free of charge.

“Teachers should produce material for global education,“ said Rajpal Hande, director of the board of college and university development of the University. “Not only will our teachers be teaching their students, they will be reaching out to a global audience.“

The teachers will attend another round of workshops later this month. The project has begun with a group of 25 teachers, but hopes to include other academics who would like to contribute.

Source | Hindustan Times | 18 November 2011

Get Email Etiquette Right



Get Email Etiquette Right

THIS ONE must have come as a surprise to you, but is taken seriously in the corporate world: Your boss told you to ‘grow up’ because you used ‘:p’ in an email. Indeed, email etiquette is a big deal, and you will end up hurting your own interest if you don’t follow its rules. Anand Altekar lists a few things you need to keep in mind


1 Plan the Email
You shouldn’t put anything in an email that you wouldn’t put on a postcard. “A client usually signs a confidentiality agreement when engaging a company. One should always remember that e-mails are company property and can be used in a court of law,” says Utkarsh Sanghvi, senior tax professional. Email can be forwarded; an unwanted party may see what you have written. So avoid writing personal emails from your company email ID.
2 Mind your Language
“People have forgotten basic letterwriting skills. SMS language and writing the entire mail in capital letters is common. Some people also write the entire mail in the subject line,” says Sandhya Sadananda, director, Windchimes Communications. Remember, when you write using capital letters, it looks as if you are shouting. “Most emails don’t have a proper greeting”, adds Sadananda. Make sure your mail includes a courteous greeting and closing and always address your contact with the appropriate level of formality.
3 Check CCs and BCCs

Use blind copy (BCC) only when sending the email to a large number of recipients. Copy (CC) only people directly involved. Also, be sparing with the “reply all” button. “I usually get annoyed to open an e-mail that says only ‘I agree’. I use the ‘reply all’ button only when I have something to add” says Alap Mehra, deputy manager Acturial, Bajaj Allianz.
4  Reply Quickly, be Brief
Reply to important messages quickly. If you receive an emotionally charged message, take a minute to think it through and then reply. Try to concentrate on one subject per message. An email longer than necessary is quite frustrating. No one likes to scroll through endless pages of replies to understand a discussion, so try to summarise long discussions.
5  Don’t Run, Don’t Hide
“I think people should not use e-mail to cover up their mistakes. Work issues which put emotional pressure, should not be discussed over email. I prefer talking to the person directly,” says Gagan Agarwal, manager, indirect taxation, Essar Group. Faceto-face communication conveys emotions in a much better way.
Source | Economic Times | 18 November 2011

Cambridge Journals announces Article Rental service



 
Cambridge Journals, a division of Cambridge University Press (CUP), UK, has announced a brand new Article Rental scheme, which will see single academic research articles being made available over a 24-hour period at a significantly lower cost.

Cambridge Journals publishes over 280 peer-reviewed academic journals across a wide spread of subject areas, many of which are the leading academic publications in their fields. However, the cost of accessing research can sometimes be a barrier for customers who are not able to subscribe, so the new rental scheme has been launched as part of the latest release of improvements to Cambridge Journals Online (CJO), Cambridge's online journals publishing service.

For $5.99, users will now be able to read single articles online for up to 24 hours, a saving of up to 86 percent compared with the cost of purchasing the article. After registration and payment, the reader is emailed a link, through which they can access and read the article in PDF format as often as they wish during the subsequent 24 hours. Article Rental is a read-only option. Rented articles can be viewed on any computer that has a browser and a web connection, but the view-only PDF cannot be downloaded, printed, or cut-and-pasted.

Article Rental will initially be rolled out across all Journals owned by Cambridge University Press, with the expectation that journals published by Cambridge on behalf of Learned Societies will soon follow. It is planned that Article Rental will also become available via CJO Mobile (CJOm), a version of CJO developed for mobile devices, to create a solution for readers who wish to access articles while on the move.
 

The Koha Saga: A gift that keeps giving


The Koha Saga: A gift that keeps giving

by Glyn Moody

The world of libraries is not one we normally associate with passion and high drama. And yet that is precisely what the long-running saga of Koha, the open source library management system, has been filled with.

Koha began back in 1999, when a local library in Horowhenua, on the north island of New Zealand, was faced with a Y2K problem with its existing library system. Because that system was proprietary, there wasn't much the library could do about it, and so it started looking at open source alternatives. Remarkably, when it found that there weren't any, it decided to start one. The name it chose was "Koha", a Māori word with a complex meaning to do with gifts brought by visitors.

The Horowhenua Library Trust (HLT) contracted with Katipo, a New Zealand company, to write the system. Here's the company's background to the collaboration:

Horowhenua Library Trust and Katipo Communications Ltd made a joint decision to release Koha as Free Open Source Software under the GPL in 1999 before we started the project. It was recommended to Horowhenua Library as a risk management strategy, to ensure that they could get support and development work done by suppliers other than Katipo, and because there wasn't already an open source system available. Since we released Koha other libraries have picked it up and paid Katipo and other developers to add features and improvements.
Indeed, Koha has become a huge success, not just in terms of its uptake by libraries around the world, but also as measured by the business ecosystem of companies offering support that has grown up around it. Sadly, as soon as money entered the equation, things started to get messy, as this excellent LWN.net history of the Koha project explains:

One of these support businesses was US-based LibLime, founded in 2005 by Koha developer Joshua Ferraro. In 2007, LibLime purchased Katipo Communications' assets in Koha, including its copyright on the Koha source code, and took over maintenance of the koha.org web site. For several years, life continued on as it had before; koha.org was the home of the project, and LibLime participated in Koha's ongoing development as did several other support-based businesses, many individuals, and many libraries.

The first signs of trouble began to appear in mid-2009, when LibLime announced that it would be providing its customers with a version of Koha built from a private Git repository, instead of the public source code maintained by the community as a whole. Many in the community regarded this as an announcement that LibLime was forking the project, a claim that Ferraro denied.

Despite that detailed denial, the Koha community were unconvinced, and set up a new site, koha-community.org.

Things soon became even more complicated when LibLime was acquired by another company serving the library market, Progressive Technology Federal Systems (PTFS). Initially, there was a hope that this might resolve the problems. Here, for example, is Chris Cormack, the original Katipo coder:

Over the last year PTFS has grown into a participating and valued member of the Koha community. Its developers are active on irc, the mailing lists, bugs.koha.org and the koha wiki. Patches are regularly sent from PTFS for bugfixes and new features. The fact that PTFS is an active member of the community leads me to treat the news of its acquisition of Liblime with great optimism.

Things began with what seemed a conciliatory post from PTFS to the Koha community:

As promised, PTFS will continue to support the Koha open source community. We understand that the http://koha-community.org/ website was set up as a temporary measure before our purchase of LibLime, out of concerns that the content of koha.org was out of date and was not under the control of official members of the community. To resolve this issue PTFS would like help in updating and supporting koha.org.

To that end, we email to solicit community volunteers to support and update portions of the koha.org web site in a collaborative fashion similar to how it worked about a year ago

But this wasn't what the Koha community was looking for: it wanted the main koha.org domain to be assigned to the community. As one person wrote on the mailing list:

Community members have decided to make koha-community.org the long-term home, started changing links and so on. I beg PTFS to do the right thing now: redirect *.koha.org to *.koha-community.org immediately (continuing to host bits if the community agrees) and transfer the domain to HLT as a long-term resolution.

It is incredible to ask, after that painful decision, for everyone to reverse it and then also start working directly for PTFS for free!

Since many seemed to share this view, PTFS sent the following message a few days later:

LibLime wants to assume the best and understands that the HLT Committee is new to business matters, acquisitions, and financial transactions on the scale required to move the Koha project to the next level. Perhaps the newness of these experiences has resulted in their one-sided point of view; their conflicting and inaccurate web posts; and their decision to participate in a conference call, only to decline it the next day.

CREATE FLASH-BASED PRESENTATIONS ONLINE


HOW CAN I CREATE FLASH-BASED PRESENTATIONS ONLINE?


You've heard of cloud-based storage and cloud-based operating systems - but Prezi is a cloud-based presentation tool. At www.prezi.com, you can sign up for a free account that gives you 100MB of free online storage and a tool to make presentations. You can upload local videos, YouTube videos, images and PDFs - just like you would with a regular PPT. But the difference is that Prezi is a 'zooming' presentation - it shows you a quick overview of everything on one page, while a viewer can click on any section to zoom in or pan in different directions to view details. The creator of a Prezi can give a storyline to it - by creating frames around certain sections and tracing a path through them, a viewer can be guided through the presentation in a specific manner. The website offers a complete video guide to creating your first Prezi and also offers a wealth of other Prezis for you to watch. Paid plans ($59 or $159 per year) offer increased storage, the ability to create Prezis offline and premium support. You can always stay with the free account if the features are good enough for you - and take a risk-free 30-day trial of the paid plans. Students and teachers can ask for discounted plans for their own use too.
 
Online Tutor | http://prezi.com/

Indian Comic Books Take off with 'Graphic India' A New Digital Comic Book Platform for Creators



Indian Comic Books Take off with 'Graphic India' A New Digital Comic Book Platform for Creators

~ Liquid Comics Announces New Digital Platform for Young Indian Creators to Create & Showcase Original Graphic Novel Stories ~

BANGALORE, India, Dec 04, 2011 (BUSINESS WIRE) -- Liquid Comics, which owns one of the world's largest comic book libraries based on Indian characters by Indian creators, announced today the launch of Graphic India, a new digital platform to promote comic books in India and showcase young artists and writers in the country.

Graphic India intends to be India's premiere graphic novel platform and community, leveraging Liquid's large library of high quality content created by Indian creators, while also aggressively commissioning and showcasing numerous original stories by India's greatest new visionaries.

"India is home to some of the most creative minds in the world, and we believe that the next Steven Spielberg, Quentin Tarantino, JK Rowling or Stan Lee exists somewhere in this country - ready to change the world through their stories. Through Graphic India, we want to find, nurture and promote these creators, leveraging the power of digital media to potentially reach millions around the world," added Liquid Comics Co-Founder & CEO, Sharad Devarajan. "In the same way Japanese anime and manga redefined a generation of audiences worldwide, we believe the creativity and rich storytelling potential of India is ready to take the world by storm."

"There has been no greater experience than to have worked closely with some of the planet's most talented young story-tellers and artists in India. I really believe that to channel all this talent now into Graphic India promises to be one of the most exciting endeavors of my life," commented Liquid Comics Co-Founder and prolific author, Gotham Chopra, who will be writing and editing a number of original stories featured on the platform.

Initially, the platform has been launched as an online site at http://www.graphicindia.com/ that features free daily digital comic book chapters, interviews with creators, educational resources for aspiring artists and writers and pop culture film, television and game reviews. Digital comics featured on the site can be embedded and shared across social networks such as Facebook and Twitter.

To further spark young Indian creators to look at graphic novels as a meaningful profession, the site is featuring a "Create A Comic Contest," where the winning idea submitted will be awarded a contract to publish their Graphic Novel and win One Hundred Thousand Indian Rupees.

Over the next few months, Graphic India intends to expand its digital platform across mobile through various partnerships and apps. Beyond digital comics, content will soon include episodic animated shows, digital trading cards and social games based on Liquid's leading character properties.

Episodic digital comic books featured for free on the site will include long running international hits such as, "Devi," created by acclaimed filmmaker, Shekhar Kapur; "Ramayan 3392 AD," a futuristic story inspired by the classical Ramayana myth which is also now being developed as a theatrical film in Hollywood with Mandalay Entertainment; "The Sadhu," created by Gotham Chopra and also in development as a feature film; "Myths of India," featuring retellings of original Indian myths presented by bestselling author Deepak Chopra; "Mumbai Macguffin" an action-espionage story by Saurav Mohapatra and Saumin Patel; "UnHOLI" by Indian writer, Samit Basu and artist Jeevan J. Kang, which centers on a zombie attack in Delhi that takes place during the Holi festival; and many other stories. Graphic India intends to commission as many as 20 new graphic novel stories to be exclusively featured on its platform in 2012.

ABOUT LIQUID COMICS: Liquid Comics is a digital entertainment company focused on creating cinematic and mythic graphic novel stories with filmmakers, creators and storytellers. The company was founded by entrepreneurs, Sharad Devarajan, Gotham Chopra and Suresh Seetharaman and uses the medium of digital graphic novel publishing to develop properties for theatrical live-action films, animation and video games. Liquid has created and is creating original graphic novels with acclaimed filmmakers and talents including John Woo, Guy Ritchie, Grant Morrison, Shekhar Kapur, Deepak Chopra, Dave Stewart, Marc Guggenheim, Jonathan Mostow, Edward Burns, Nicolas Cage, John Moore, Wes Craven, Barry Sonnenfeld, Marcus Nispel and others. The Company currently has a number of film and television projects in development based on their properties. www.LiquidComics.com

Photos/Multimedia Gallery Available: http://www.businesswire.com/cgi-bin/mmg.cgi?eid=50094350&lang=en

SOURCE: Liquid Comics

Retired prof donates collection of sacred texts to local Hindus


Retired prof donates collection of sacred texts to local Hindus

Klaus Klostermaier is passing on his collection of sacred texts and commentaries to local Hindus. The collection will be housed at the Hindu Temple at 999 St. Anne's Rd., as part of the Dr. Dakshinamurti Academy of Hindu Studies.

After a lifetime of studying a culture, philosophy and religion that was not his own, retired university professor Klaus Klostermaier is passing on his collection of sacred texts and commentaries to local Hindus.

"I was in India for 10 years and I assembled my own library because the public libraries weren't very good," explains Klostermaier, 78, of the more than 2,000 books on Hinduism, many of them rare or out of print, he will donate to the Hindu Society of Manitoba.

The collection will be housed at the Hindu Temple at 999 St. Anne's Rd., as part of the Dr. Dakshinamurti Academy of Hindu Studies.

This gift of primary sources, commentaries and manuscripts, including one written on palm leaves, bumps up the academy's library to become the largest collection of literature on Hinduism in Western Canada, says the society's president.

"When somebody like Prof. Klostermaier comes forward, who is a non-Indian, that touches my heart, to know that people like him are promoting the Indian way of life, philosophy and culture," says Narendra Mathur.

"It touches my heart to know that here is a man who has gone back 10,000 years to understand the beginnings of Hinduism."

Klostermaier has long been fascinated by the people and culture of India. The German-born, Catholic-raised academic spent the early years of his career in India, before moving to Winnipeg in 1970 to take up a post in the religion department at the University of Manitoba.

"I was always interested in India. I don't know why. (Maybe) a previous life," explains the soft-spoken academic, who retired in 1999 but still teaches an undergraduate course in science and religion.

After a lifetime of studying Hinduism, and authoring nearly two dozen academic and popular books on the topic, including several used widely in university classes, Klostermaier is still intrigued by this mix of ancient culture, philosophy and religion practiced by nearly a billion people.

"There is the strong connection of living Indian culture at all levels with religion, from popular festivals to intellectual preoccupation," says Klostermaier, author of The Wisdom of Hinduism, featuring quotes from centuries of Hindu thinkers and translated into Hungarian, French and German.

"The wide range of practices as well as intellectual approaches is another feature (I appreciate.) Above all it is the seriousness, with which ultimate issues are being thought through from all possible angles."

Having Klostermaier's extensive collection of Sanskrit and English books, including a 50-volume set called Sacred Books of the East, is a valuable asset for the city's 18,000 Hindus, says Ganga Dakshinamurti, volunteer librarian for the Hindu Society, whose family donated funds to establish the academy.

Dakshinamurti intends to catalogue the books and post the listings on the society's website (www.hindusocietyofmanitoba.org/) for the use of local scholars and those further afield. The books won't circulate but are available for use within the library, she says.

"Not only is the collection much appreciated, the collection is done by someone who knows the subject," says Dakshinamurti, a librarian at the University of Manitoba.

"It is put together by a non-Hindu who has done research in that area. His being an academic adds value, his being a non-Hindu adds value to it."

After a long and distinguished career researching and writing, Klostermaier is pleased the books he has spent five decades collecting will be housed in one place for others to use.

"Many of the things are no longer in print," he says.

"My concern was never to make money (from the books), but to have it used by people who are studying."

Now Get Free Online Storage Of UP TO 125 GB

Now Get Free Online Storage Of UP TO 125 GB

Hard Drives can crash and laptops can get stolen, but you can protect your data from any eventuality by storing your files online.

 Some of the popular options that allow almost limitless storage

ADRIVE OFFERS 50GB free storage for personal use. After a quick sign-up and verification routine, it loads up a web-interface using which you can view/edit files stored online. Since it’s a web-based interface, it works across platforms (but it does require Java). The file manager window lets you search through files and offers quick navigation between all the uploaded files. You can also view files shared with others and a history of uploaded/edited files. The service allows you to upload or download a batch of files simultaneously. You can also upload and download files at the same time. They offer a desktop client for Windows/Mac/Linux but only for paid plans. Unfortunately, Adrive does not offer any mobile app for upload using handheld devices.

Badongo
www.badongo.com 

BADONGO IS the only one to offer unlimited online storage for free. But there is a catch. Free users have restrictions in terms of downloads per day (4.8GB per day), limited download speed (limited to 500kbps) and no parallel downloads (only one file can be downloaded at a time). However, the service offers multiple ways to access content. You can either use the web file manager, Windows/Mac desktop software or the iPhone app. Content is segregated on the basis of file type — if you don't organise into folders, you can choose to view only a particular file type (for example, view all videos or audio only). The web file manager lets you create folders and upload multiple files using the browser, while the desktop file managers allow drag and drop of files and folders. You can search, queue downloads and share files easily. The web interface also shows statistics at a glance (number of downloads and account usage).
 

BOX OFFERS storage ranging from 5 to 50GB depending on how you sign up (A desktop sign up gives you 5GB,but signup using the free iPad app and you'll get 50GB). Although Box does not offer a desktop client to sync files using Windows or Mac, it does offer apps for Android phones and tablets, iPhone/iPod/iPad, BlackBerry phones and the PlayBook tablet. Using the mobile apps, content can be uploaded, viewed and files can be shared with others via email links. The web-based file manager lets you drag and drop files from a PC, create folders as well as create Word and Excel documents using Google Docs. The only issue we found here is that you cannot search for a specific file that you have uploaded.
 
DropBox
www.dropbox.com 

THE MOST versatile in terms of content access, Dropbox not only offers a desktop client but also access via apps for iPhone, iPad, Android and BlackBerry devices. You can view and share files directly from the mobile device by downloading the free app and signing in to your account. Dropbox offers 'just' 2GB storage for free — but more space can be earned by inviting friends. The desktop client (Windows/Mac/Linux) seamlessly integrates with the operating system. A Dropbox folder on your PC will automatically update all stored files — accessible directly without the need to open a browser. This way it allows for easy search, drag & drop as well as easy updating. Alternatively, files can be accessed via a web file manager that shows files and folders in a list format with options to create new folders, download & share files.

Microsoft SkyDrive
SKYDRIVE offers 25GB of free storage and works much like Windows explorer with a folder structure on the left side. Files and folders are visible on the right side and on selecting a file, various functions including copy, delete, edit and download come up automatically. Office documents can be created from within the file manager and can be saved directly to SkyDrive or shared with others. You can add files to a folder simply by draging and dropping it from your hard drive into the browser. Although SkyDrive does not offer a direct app for desktop or mobile, it's by Microsoft — so MS Office programs can access documents stored on SkyDrive and Windows Phone devices support direct upload of images and office documents to SkyDrive.
 
Pros & Cons
 
Is online Storage of Data a Good Idea?

It sure is ! There are several advantages. For starters, hard drives are susceptible to failure. Imagine all your documents, photographs, videos, email records and contacts vanishing without a trace. Secondly, ease of access. You will be able to access all your data securely from any internet connected PC (or mobile device), anywhere in the world – which means you don’t need to lug your own devices over borders. It’s cheaper — rather than buying additional hard drives or flash drives for storage and backup, going online will save you some money. In fact, even if you simply opt for free accounts from some of the big names in cloud storage (Skydrive, Box, Adrive) you can get a total of 125GB without paying a single Rupee. If one service suits you more than others or you are looking for specific features like online collaboration, you can always explore paid options like Mozy.com which can cost as less as US$ 5 per month for 50GB of secure storage. Plus cloud storage is inherently more secure than the data you store locally — it is offsite, safe from natural disasters, fires, password protected and encrypted if you so wish. Finally, it also makes sense if your devices are prone to theft. But as the old saying goes, don't keep all your eggs in one basket — use multiple providers to store your critical data in case one of them goes bust.
 

Source | Economic Times | 14 December 2011

Digitization of Books at National Library

Press Information Bureau
Government of India
Ministry of Culture
 
14-December-2011 18:32 IST
 
Digitization of Books at National Library
 
The Minister for Culture and Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation Kumari Selja has said that digitisation of rare books and other print material is done selectively taking into account copyright and other issues. It is a part of the Annual Action Plan of the National Library, Kolkata. No article from the rare books division of the National Library has been reported to be lost or stolen in the last decade.

In a written reply in the Rajya Sabha today she said, under the 3rd phase of digitisation project 20,00,000 pages i.e. 6000 books are envisaged to be digitised at a cost of about Rs. 35 lakhs in next seven months. She said, the National Library has been accorded special status of an institution of national importance in the Article 62 in the Seventh Schedule of the Union List of the Constitution of India. There is no other National Library in the country. Recently, steps have been taken to improve the functioning of National Library, Kolkata. They include access to full text electronic journals, availability of library’s catalogue on the web and high speed internet connectivity for the readers. Some new proposals are under consideration in the 12th Five Year Plan.
***


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Source | www.pib.nic.in

ClickScan - Portable Scanner brings the ‘paperless’ society one step closer to reality

ClickScan - Portable Scanner brings the ‘paperless’ society one step closer to reality;

Printers, scanners and other accessories have become indispensable for many users. But nobody wants a big, bulky, unattractive scanner on the desk. Having a cluttered desk can make anyone feel uninspired and unmotivated at work. Mumbai-based Best IT World, that markets computer peripherals under the iBall brand, seems to have an answer to these problems. It has introduced a portable scanner, ClickScan, which makes it incredibly easy to scan documents and high quality photos to share or store. With the portable scanner, your desk can quickly become impeccable. More importantly, you can now have a scanner for home or office use and not have to worry about a bigger and bulkier scanner taking up space that you simply cannot spare.

At a core level, portable scanners allow business travelers to be productive on the go. It is increasingly being considered as a must-have tool for busy individuals who don’t have time or patience to search for scanning services in a hotel conference room or nearby cybercafes. While the ClickScan portable scanner requires you to pay an upfront cost (R7,450 for A4 model and R9,990 for A3), investing in it is more than work it. This tool will pay for itself over its lifetime.

Another important benefit of using this portable scanner is the amount of time you save. For example, you can manage business cards, receipts, contracts, and even scraps of paper easily on the computer. Digitalising these things allows you to organise documents and even lessen your workload. You can set up the computer to handle most of the tasks. The medium type that this scanner can capture include a book, actual product, picture, character, magazine, ID card, visiting card or even a photograph. ClickScan is useful for every industry and is especially useful in banking, financial services and insurance sector where many documents need to be scanned, stored and printed.

Foldable and contactless, ClickScan captures any document up to A3 size at high resolution in about one second. And, in its role as a copier, this device enables the captured document to be printed out via any printer. A user can also project a paper document or a real object to the large screen using PC or laptop and projector.

Set up is simple and extremely user-friendly. ClickScan is USB powered, therefore, no adapter is required. It has an image resolution of 1600 x 1200 pixels (2.0 MP). Picture formats supported include JPG, BMP, TIF, PDF, GIF, PNG, TGA and PCX. As far as operating systems go, the scanner supports Microsoft Windows XP/Vista/Windows 7. Office 2003 or Office 2007 are needed for OCR function.

Strictly from a user point of view, one can be more productive with ClickScan. One can retain all important documents on file—there’s no need to worry that you’ll drop an important piece of paper. Having all these on your computer gives peace of mind. Then, frequent travelers can surely relate to the difficulty of bringing tonnes of papers everywhere. With this scanner, they can simply carry one device and go over the files at their leisure.

ClickScan also promises an environment-friendly way to do business. It’s a no-brainer that working digitally is a lot more friendly to the environment than printing and reprinting documents. And this portable scanner brings the ‘paperless’ society one step closer to reality. Lastly, depending on your business, being able to scan documents may be critical to the company. The fact that you can scan, store, and send important documents instantly gives you an important competitive advantage.

Looking at the capabilities and features of this portable scanner, it surely gives the best value for money.

Source | Financial Express | 22 December 2011

Wednesday, 14 December 2011

Structure of ISBN

An ISBN always consists of ten digits preceded by the letters ISBN.
Note: In countries where the Latin alphabet is not used, an abbreviation in the characters of the local script may be used in addition to the Latin letters ISBN.

The ten-digit number is divided into four parts of variable length, which must be separated clearly by hyphens or spaces:

ISBN 0 571 08989 5

or

ISBN 90-70002-34-5

Note: Experience suggests that hyphens are preferable to spaces.

The number of digits in the first three parts of the ISBN (group identifier, publisher prefix, title identifier) varies. The number of digits in the group number and in the publisher prefix is determined by the quantity of titles planned to be produced by the publisher or publisher group. Publishers or publisher groups with large title outputs are represented by fewer digits.

Group identifier

The first part of the ISBN identifies a country, area or language area participating in the ISBN system. Some members form language areas (e.g. group number 3 = German language group) or regional units (e.g. South Pacific = group number 982). A group identifier may consist of up to 5 digits.

EXAMPLE: ISBN 90- ...

All group identifiers are allocated by the International ISBN Agency in Berlin.

 Publisher prefix

The second part of the ISBN identifies a particular publisher within a group. The publisher prefix usually indicates the exact identification of the publishing house and its address. If publishers exhaust their initial contingent of title numbers, they may be allocated an additional publisher prefix. The publisher prefix may comprise up to seven digits.

Publisher prefixes are assigned by the ISBN group agency responsible for the management of the ISBN system within the country, area or language area where the publisher is officially based.

EXAMPLE: ISBN 90-70002- ...


 Title identifier

The third part of the ISBN identifies a specific edition of a publication of a specific publisher. A title identifier may consist of up to six digits. As an ISBN must always have ten digits, blank digits are represented by leading zeros.

EXAMPLE: ISBN 90-70002-34- ...

 Check digit

The check digit is the last digit of an ISBN. It is calculated on a modulus 11 with weights 10-2, using X in lieu of 10 where ten would occur as a check digit.

This means that each of the first nine digits of the ISBN – excluding the check digit itself – is multiplied by a number ranging from 10 to 2 and that the resulting sum of the products, plus the check digit, must be divisible by 11 without a remainder.
For example   ISBN 0-8436-1072-7:

 
Group
identifier
Publisher
prefix
Title
identifier
Check
digit
ISBN  0     8   3 6   0  7 2 7
Weight 10   9 8 7 6   5 4 3 2  

Products 0   +72 +32 +21 +36   +5 +0 +21 +4 +7

Total: 198

As 198 can be divided by 11 without remainder 0-8436-1072-7 is a valid ISBN.
7 is the valid check digit.


  Distribution of ranges

The number of digits in each of the identifying parts 1, 2 and 3 is variable, although the total sum of digits contained in these parts is always 9. These nine digits, together with the check digit, make up the ten-digit ISBN.

The number of digits in the group identifier will vary according to the output of books in a group. Thus, groups with an expected large output, will receive numbers of one or two digits and publishers with an expected large output will get numbers of two or three digits.

For ease of reading, the four parts of the ISBN are divided by spaces or hyphens.

The generation of hyphens at output by programming helps reduce work at input. It reduces the number of characters, eliminates manual checking of hyphenation, and insures accuracy of format in all ISBN listings and publications.

The position of the hyphens is determined by the publisher prefix ranges established by each group agency in accordance with the book industry needs. The knowledge of the prefix ranges for each country or group of countries is necessary to develop the hyphenation output program.

For example, the publisher prefix ranges of group number 0 in the English language group (Australia, English speaking Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, Puerto Rico, South Africa, Swaziland, United Kingdom, United States, and Zimbabwe) are as follows:

 

0 - 7
80 - 94
950 - 994
 9950 - 9989
99900 - 99999



The following table is an example of the range distribution of publisher prefixes. Assuming a group identifier of one digit only, the publisher identifier ranges might be as shown in the left hand column and the title identifiers as shown in the right hand column.


Publisher identifier

Numbers available per publisher for title identification

00-19
200-699
7000-8499
85000-89999
900000-949999
9500000-9999999



1 000 000
100 000
10 000
1 000
100
10


 
Example: Group identifier "0"
If number ranges are between
Insert hyphens after

00.......19
200......699
7000.....8499
85000....89999
900000...949999
9500000..9999999

00-19
20-69
70-84
85-89
90-94
95-99

1st   3rd   9th digit
"    4th             "
"    5th             "
"    6th             "
"    7th             "
"    8th             "

Saturday, 10 December 2011

Sears' list of subject headings

Sears' list of subject headings
A set of subject headings first prepared by Minnie Earl Sears (1873-1933) in 1923 and titled List of Subject Headings for Small Public Libraries. The newest edition is Miller & Sears (2004).

Sears' list was made in response to the demands for a list of subject headings that were more suitable for the small public library rather than the American Library Association lists and the Library of Congress Subject Headings. The original work was based on the headings used by nine small libraries.  Ms. Sears though decided to basically follow the form of the Library of Congress subject headings.

For 80 years, Sears' List of Subject Headings has served the needs of small and medium-sized libraries, delivering a basic list of essential headings.

Sears was a native of Lafayette, Indiana, and was awarded a B.Sc. from Purdue University at age 18, the youngest graduate in her class. She received an M.Sc in 1893. In 1900 the University of Illinois awarded to her a Bachelor of Library Science degree.
Sears had a long career as a cataloguer and bibliographer at a variety of libraries (Bryn Mawr College, University of Minnesota, New York Public Library), before she joined the publishing company H. W. Wilson Company in 1923 to publish her List of Subject Headings for Small Libraries. The book provides a list of subject headings for small libraries to use in lieu of Library of Congress Subject Headings. Library of Congress headings are often not as useful for small libraries because they are too detailed. Sears’ List of Subject Headings also offers small libraries guidance on how to create their own new subject headings consistently when necessary.
In order to create her subject headings, Sears consulted small and medium sized libraries throughout the country to discern patterns of usage. She then developed her own system, based in part on the Library of Congress Subject Headings, but with a simplified subject vocabulary. In Sears’ system, common terms are much preferred over scientific and technical terms. Her system also allowed individual libraries the authority to create their own subject headings. The Sears model is not meant to serve as a standardized bridge for union catalogs, but rather as a model “for the creation of headings as needed”.
Like the Library of Congress Subject Headings, Sears' system is a subject list arranged in alphabetical order, making use of overarching subject categories and hierarchical subject subdivisions. However, Sears’ headings favor natural language. Her headings make use of only four types of headings: topical, form, geographic, and proper names. She also tended to convert inverted headings into direct entries.
In the third edition of the book (1933), Ms. Sears added a section called, “Practical Suggestions for the Beginner in Subject Heading Work”. These “Principles of the Sears List” were eventually published as a separate document and became a widely used teaching tool for library schools. In subsequent editions of the List, Sears’ subject headings were also linked to appropriate Dewey Decimal numbers.
In addition to creating the List, Sears edited the Standard Catalog for Public Libraries of the American Library Association, and an edition of the Standard Catalog for High School Libraries. She eventually left H.W. Wilson to teach at Columbia University's School of Library Science, where she started the first graduate course in cataloging. Sears also remained an active participant in the American Library Association and the New York Library Association. After her death in 1933 at age 60, the book was eventually renamed in her honor to The Sears List of Subject Headings. The List is currently in its 20th edition.

Friday, 2 December 2011

Dewey Cutter Program instructions

Dewey Cutter Program instructions


Note: You will need a valid Dewey authorization to access the download page.

To install the OCLC Dewey Cutter Program:

  1. On the OCLC web site, go to the Dewey Cutter Program page
  2. Under Dewey Cutter Software, click Download now.
  3. You will be presented with the OCLC Microcomputer Software License Agreement. If you accept the terms of the agreement, proceed by clicking the I accept button at the bottom of the page.
  4. When the file download begins, save the cutter110.exe file to a location on your computer. Be sure to remember the location you choose.
  5. From Windows Explorer, open the folder where you saved the file cutter110.exe and click the file name.
  6. The program that installs the Dewey Cutter Program prompts you through the installation. Follow the prompts to install.
Note: The installation program automatically places a shortcut icon on the desktop:

Opening the program

To open the Dewey Cutter Program after you install:
  • On the Windows Start menu, go the folder where you installed the program (default installation folder: OCLCAPPS) and click OCLC Dewey Cutter Program.
Or
  • On the desktop, double-click the OCLC Dewey Cutter Program shortcut icon on the desktop.

Tables available

The OCLC Four-Figure Cutter Tables are revised and expanded versions of:
  • Cutter Three-Figure Author Table
  • Cutter-Sanborn Three-Figure Author Table
The expansion balances the distribution of main entries over the Cutter table entries. The expanded OCLC Four-Figure Cutter Tables are compatible with the existing two-figure or three-figure schemes.

Select a table

Before beginning to use the Dewey Cutter Program, decide which cutter scheme you need. The software can generate cutter numbers according to both the Cutter Four-Figure Table and the Cutter-Sanborn Four-Figure Table.
Choose the Cutter-Sanborn Four-Figure Table if your existing cutter numbers include only a single letter with numbers.
Examples:
Adams, John: A2145
Adams, Ruth: A2169
Gabel, Linda: G112
Lavoie, Brian: L4141
O'Neill, Edward: O5871
United States. Dept. of the Interior: U5864
Choose the Cutter Four-Figure Table if your existing cutter numbers include a mix of one or two letters with numbers.
Examples:
Adams, John: Ad185
Adams, Ruth: Ad194
Gabel, Linda: G111
Lavoie, Brian: L395
O'Neill, Edward: On26
United States. Dept. of the Interior: Un365
How to select a table. The program defaults to the Cutter Four-Figure Table the first time you use it. To change to the Cutter-Sanborn Four-Figure Table:
  • Click the button for the Cutter-Sanborn Four-Figure Table.
Each time you use the software, it defaults to the Cutter table in use the last time you exited the program.

Use the program

To use the Dewey Cutter software:
  1. In the Text: input field of the Cutter window, type the name or words to be cuttered. Examples:
    Smith, Adam
    Bible. O.T. Genesis
    Pontiac firebird
    Or
    Copy the name and paste it into the Text: input field. To paste the text automatically, click Paste Text.
    Or
    Press <Alt><P>.
  2. Copy the resulting Cutter number and paste it into your cataloging application. Click Copy Cutter to copy the text automatically without having to highlight the number. Or
    Press to copy the number.
  3. To paste the number, use the keyboard shortcut appropriate to your cataloging application. For example, in OCLC Connexion, OCLC CatME for Windows, or MS Word, press to paste text at the insertion point.

Exit the program

To exit the Cutter tables:
  • Click Close.
Or
  • Click the X in the upper right-hand corner.

Dewey Cutter Software: Copyright 1995-2003 by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Incorporated ("OCLC"). All rights reserved. Developed by OCLC for use with Microsoft Windows. OCLC Four-Figure Cutter Tables (Cutter Four-Figure Table and Cutter-Sanborn Four-Figure Table): Copyright 1997-1998 OCLC.
OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Incorporated, 6565 Kilgour Place, Dublin, Ohio 43017. OCLC and Dewey are registered trademarks of OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Incorporated.